论文标题：Wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) exploit tortoises (Kinixys erosa) via percussive technology

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作者：Simone Pika, Harmonie Klein, Sarah Bunel, Pauline Baas, Erwan Théleste, Tobias Deschner

发表时间：2019/05/23

数字识别码： 10.1038/s41598-019-43301-8

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《app手机版》发表的一篇论文Wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) exploit tortoises (Kinixys erosa) via percussive technology描述了已知首次观察到的黑猩猩捕食折背龟的情况。

图1：黑猩猩捕食陆龟 图源：Pika等

过去已知黑猩猩会捕食各种动物，但是在此之前一直没有直接观察到它们捕食陆龟。

德国奥斯纳布吕克大学的Simone Pika及同事描述了在加蓬卢安果国家公园（Loango National Park）Rekambo野生黑猩猩群落中观察到的黑猩猩捕食陆龟的行为。2016年7月至2018年5月之间，作者在10只不同的黑猩猩身上观察到了38起捕食事件，其中34次捕食成功。研究人员在其研究的大部分或所有成年雄性黑猩猩身上频繁观察到了捕食陆龟的行为。具体表现为先发现猎物，接着用一只手将龟壳砸向坚硬的表面，如树干；最后，爬到树上享受猎物。在38起捕食事件的23起中，成功的黑猩猩与其它群落成员分享了猎物，包括之前尝试打开龟壳未果的黑猩猩。

摘要：Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), one of humankinds’ closest living relatives, are known to hunt and consume the meat of various animal taxa. Although some researchers have presented indirect evidence that chimpanzees may also prey on tortoises, until now, direct observations of this behaviour did not exist. Here, we provide systematic descriptions of the first observations of chimpanzee predation on tortoises (Kinixys erosa). We made these unprecedented observations on newly habituated chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) of the Rekambo community, living in the Loango National Park, Gabon. The behaviour qualified as customary, that is occurring in most or all adult males, involved a distinct smashing technique, and resulted frequently in food sharing with other group members. Our observations shed new light on the hitherto little understood percussive technology of chimpanzees, and expand our current knowledge on chimpanzees’ dietary and predatory repertoires with respect to reptiles. We also report a case of food storage and discuss it in the context of future-oriented cognition. Our findings suggest the need for more nuanced interpretations of chimpanzees’ cognitive skills in combination with an in-depth understanding of their unique socio-ecological niches. They further emphasize the importance of nonhuman primate field observations to inform theories of hominin evolution.

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