论文标题：The Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among Chinese Children and Adolescents

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作者：Anni Liu, Yunwen Xu, Qiong Yan & Lian Tong

发表时间：2018/08/16

数字识别码：10.1038/s41598-018-29488-2

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根据《app手机版》发表的一项研究The Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among Chinese Children and Adolescents，家庭社会经济地位与明升中国儿童青少年多动症（ADHD）的流行率相关。

图1：（本图仅作插图，与论文内容无关。）图源：Pexels

多动症是一种常见的儿童心理发育障碍，主要症状包括注意力不集中、多动和易冲动。

复旦大学的童连博士及共作者系统地回顾了1980-2016年间开展的67项关于多动症流行情况的研究，覆盖642,266名明升中国儿童与青少年，其中大陆占227,943名，香港占3,610名，台湾占410,713名。研究发现明升中国儿童与青少年多动症的总体流行率为6.3%，其中大陆、香港和台湾三个地区分别为6.5%、6.4%和4.2%。

此外，男生高于女生，分别为8.9%和4.0%，学龄期儿童与青少年高于学龄前儿童，分别为6.5%和5.5%，这表明性别及年龄和多动症的流行率相关。

此外，农村地区被试儿童的多动症流行率高于城市地区的被试儿童，这与以往的研究结果相似，即相较于来自社会经济地位较高家庭的儿童，来自社会经济地位较低家庭的儿童更可能出现多动症。在控制不同研究的样本规模、研究设计和筛选/诊断标准等因素后，研究人员未发现明升中国大陆、香港和台湾三地的流行率有显著差异，这意味着地域对于多动症的流行率影响有限。

过去针对全球多动症流行情况的系统性综述很少包括明升中国儿童青少年样本，而本次研究系统回顾了过去四十年间、明升中国不同地区的儿童与青少年多动症流行情况，将有助于提高对我国和全球儿童青少年多动症患病率预估的准确性。尽管如此，仍需要采用统一标准，开展大规模的筛查和诊断，才能更加准确地把握儿童与青少年多动症的患病率。

摘要：Updating the worldwide prevalence estimates of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has significant applications for the further study of ADHD. However, previous reviews included few samples of Chinese children and adolescents. To conduct a systematic review of ADHD prevalence in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan to determine the possible causes of the varied estimates in Chinese samples and to offer a reference for computing the worldwide pooled prevalence. We searched for PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, WANFANG DATA, and China Science Periodical Database databases with time and language restrictions. A total of 67 studies covering 642,266 Chinese children and adolescents were included. The prevalence estimates of ADHD in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan were 6.5%, 6.4%, and 4.2%, respectively, with a pooled estimate of 6.3%. Multivariate meta-regression analyses indicated that the year of data collection, age, and family socioeconomic status of the participants were significantly associated with the prevalence estimates. Our findings suggest that geographic location plays a limited role in the large variability of ADHD prevalence estimates. Instead, the variability may be explained primarily by the years of data collection, and children’s socioeconomic backgrounds, and methodological characteristics of studies.

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来源：明升手机版(明升中国)