Wechat: http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/urA_p5ugutCUwRhZw94OIA
Jun Wang, Liang Yu, Lin Hu, Gang Chen, Hongliang Xin & Xiaofeng Feng
doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04213-9
电催化;纳米粒子
Published:
15 May 2018
Electrochemical reduction of N2 to NH3 provides an alternative to the Haber−Bosch process for sustainable, distributed production of NH3 when powered by renewable electricity. However, the development of such process has been impeded by the lack of efficient electrocatalysts for N2 reduction. Here we report efficient electroreduction of N2 to NH3 on palladium nanoparticles in phosphate buffer solution under ambient conditions, which exhibits high activity and selectivity with an NH3 yield rate of ~4.5 μg mg−1Pd h−1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 8.2% at 0.1 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (corresponding to a low overpotential of 56 mV), outperforming other catalysts including gold and platinum. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the unique activity of palladium originates from its balanced hydrogen evolution activity and the Grotthuss-like hydride transfer mechanism on α-palladium hydride that lowers the free energy barrier of N2 hydrogenation to *N2H, the rate-limiting step for NH3 electrosynthesis.
本周《自然-通讯》报道了,一种能够在环境条件下将氮通过电明升手机转化为可用、可存储的氨的催化剂。这一发现为制备氨带来了已知最有效的方法之一。
Pd/C催化剂的结构和组成表征。
Wang et al.
日益增长的全球人口将需要更多的粮食和能源生产,而这种粮食生产将需要更多的富氮肥料来满足作物的明升手机需求。世界上使用的大部分氮是通过工业哈柏法(Haber-Bosch process)制备的,这种方法将空气中的氮转化为氨。尽管全球的氨生产规模达百万吨级,但哈柏法的效率非常低,而且能源成本高昂。除此之外,另一种方法是在环境条件下使用电能来驱动氨合成。然而,过去的研究显示,这种方法产量低、效率低。
美国中佛罗里达大学的Xiaofeng Feng及其同事在本文中介绍了一种催化剂,它由导电碳载体上的钯纳米颗粒组成,可通过水和电将氮转化为氨。作者表明,通过这些纳米粒子制备氨,其效率和选择性比过去使用这种方法的尝试更高。通过使用中性水,作者能够抑制经常困扰该领域研究的不良副反应。
利用 Pd/C催化剂将氮电解还原合成氨。
Wang et al.
虽然存在其它关于使用电、水和氮来制造氨的报道,但检测到的氨可能是由空气或实验室中的污染物产生的。而在本文所述的研究中,作者能够证明气态氮被转化为合成氨。(来源:明升手机版(明升中国))