论文标题：A diverse suite of pharmaceuticals contaminates stream and riparian food webs

期刊：

作者：Erinn K. Richmond, Emma J. Rosi, David M. Walters, Jerker Fick, Stephen K. Hamilton, Tomas Brodin, Anna Sundelin, Michael R. Grace

发表时间：2018/11/06

数字识别码：10.1038/s41467-018-06822-w

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根据《自然-通讯》发表的一项研究A diverse suite of pharmaceuticals contaminates stream and riparian food webs，研究人员在墨尔本附近六条河流中的水生无脊椎动物和河岸蜘蛛体内检测到了60多种药物化合物。作者认为药物是在蜘蛛食用无脊椎动物时被转移到蜘蛛身上的。初步估计表明，位于食物链上游的鸭嘴兽和褐鳟在理论上可能因为饮食而被暴露于某些药物，其剂量高达人类剂量的50%。

图1：鸭嘴兽 图源：Pixabay

人类每天使用的明升手机品，如药品和个人护理产品，最终会进入附近的水域，因为废水处理设施无法有效地清除它们。然而，它们的生物活性、暴露和生态影响仍然不甚明了。

澳大利亚莫纳什大学的Erinn Richmond及其同事检测了澳大利亚墨尔本附近六条河流中的水生昆虫和陆地蜘蛛，以鉴定98种不同药物在其体内的浓度，包括抗抑郁药、止痛药、抗生素和抗组胺药。作者发现，60多种明升手机物质在它们体内都达到了可检测浓度。河岸蜘蛛（已知的昆虫捕食者）体内的明升手机物质浓度要高得多，这表明这些明升手机物质在食物链上游具有“生物放大（富集）作用”或出现浓度上升。

图2：每个研究点的水生无脊椎动物和河岸蜘蛛体内的药物浓度。图源：Richmond

接着，作者使用昆虫体内的明升手机物质浓度信息来估计食物链中其它昆虫捕食者——褐鳟和鸭嘴兽的药物暴露情况。根据计算结果，作者估计鸭嘴兽可能摄入了大约50％的人类抗抑郁药日推荐量。

对于这些新型水污染物的直接影响，还需要进一步开展工作加以探索。

摘要：A multitude of biologically active pharmaceuticals contaminate surface waters globally, yet their presence in aquatic food webs remain largely unknown. Here, we show that over 60 pharmaceutical compounds can be detected in aquatic invertebrates and riparian spiders in six streams near Melbourne, Australia. Similar concentrations in aquatic invertebrate larvae and riparian predators suggest direct trophic transfer via emerging adult insects to riparian predators that consume them. As representative vertebrate predators feeding on aquatic invertebrates, platypus and brown trout could consume some drug classes such as antidepressants at as much as one-half of a recommended therapeutic dose for humans based on their estimated prey consumption rates, yet the consequences for fish and wildlife of this chronic exposure are unknown. Overall, this work highlights the potential exposure of aquatic and riparian biota to a diverse array of pharmaceuticals, resulting in exposures to some drugs that are comparable to human dosages.

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（来源：明升手机版(明升中国)）